What is the difference between Japan's Monju nuclear power plant and Hornsea Project 1?
Monju's construction started in 1986, and initial criticality was attained 12 years later, on schedule, in 1994. However, a fire delayed testing until 2010. During testing, an accident during fueling and the discovery of maintenance flaws resulted in the suspension of operations. In 2016 the government closed the plant for good. After more than 30 years and $12 billion, the 280-MW power plant has generated electricity for all of one hour.
The construction of Hornsea 1, a 1,200-MW offshore wind farm in the North Sea, began in 2016. The first power was generated in February 2019, and it was fully commissioned by October 2020. The final project cost was $1.5 billion, approximately 16% under budget.
What explains the failure and the success of these two projects? In short: smart scaling. Monju was a one-off project, slow and big. Hornsea was modular and fast.
We find this pattern not only in energy projects but over and over again in transport infrastructure, IT, factories, and processing plants. Modularity and replicability enable projects and products to achieve large scale successfully.
This is what we call "smart scale-up".
For the first time, we have developed a series of three workshops that will help your organization to scale smarter and deliver more successfully.
Read more about the concept of smart scaling and modularity in "Make Megaprojects More Modular - Repeatable design and quick iterations can reduce costs and risks and get to revenues faster" by Bent Flyvbjerg published in Harvard Business Review Magazine November-December 2021.